Population Pyramids: Demography, Age Structures, and Gender Ratios
What is a Population Pyramid?
A population pyramid, also known as an age-gender pyramid or age pyramid, is a graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population within a specific geographic area. It provides valuable insights into the demographic characteristics of a society, including the age structure, sex ratio, life expectancy, and dependency ratio.
Age Structure
The age structure of a population pyramid shows the proportion of individuals in different age groups. It can indicate the overall health and well-being of a society. For example, a population with a wide base and a narrow top typically indicates a high birth rate and low life expectancy, while a population with a narrower base and a wider top typically indicates a low birth rate and high life expectancy.
Sex Ratio
The sex ratio of a population pyramid shows the proportion of males to females in different age groups. This information can provide insights into gender imbalances, reproductive health, and social norms. A balanced sex ratio typically indicates equitable access to resources and opportunities for both genders.
Life Expectancy
The life expectancy of a population pyramid shows the average number of years an individual can expect to live. It is influenced by factors such as healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation. A high life expectancy typically indicates a healthy and prosperous society.
Dependency Ratio
The dependency ratio of a population pyramid shows the proportion of individuals in the working-age population (usually between 15 and 64 years old) who are supported by individuals outside that age range. This information can provide insights into the economic and social pressures on a society, as well as the need for social support systems.
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